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Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity

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REPORTS > KEYWORD > PROBABILISTIC METHOD:
Reports tagged with Probabilistic Method:
TR97-012 | 19th March 1997
Luca Trevisan

On Local versus Global Satisfiability

We prove an extremal combinatorial result regarding
the fraction of satisfiable clauses in boolean CNF
formulae enjoying a locally checkable property, thus
solving a problem that has been open for several years.

We then generalize the problem to arbitrary constraint
satisfaction ... more >>>


TR97-039 | 11th September 1997
Pierluigi Crescenzi, Luca Trevisan

MAX NP-Completeness Made Easy

We introduce a simple technique to obtain reductions
between optimization constraint satisfaction problems. The
technique uses the probabilistic method to reduce the size of
disjunctions. As a first application, we prove the
MAX NP-completeness of MAX 3SAT without using the PCP theorem
(thus solving an open ... more >>>


TR98-047 | 21st August 1998
Salil Vadhan

Extracting All the Randomness from a Weakly Random Source

Revisions: 1 , Comments: 1


In this paper, we give explicit constructions of extractors which work for
a source of any min-entropy on strings of length $n$. The first
construction extracts any constant fraction of the min-entropy using
O(log^2 n) additional random bits. The second extracts all the
min-entropy using O(log^3 n) additional random ... more >>>


TR99-046 | 17th November 1999
Ran Raz, Omer Reingold, Salil Vadhan

Extracting All the Randomness and Reducing the Error in Trevisan's Extractors

We give explicit constructions of extractors which work for a source of
any min-entropy on strings of length n. These extractors can extract any
constant fraction of the min-entropy using O(log^2 n) additional random
bits, and can extract all the min-entropy using O(log^3 n) additional
random bits. Both of these ... more >>>


TR11-131 | 29th September 2011
Rahul Santhanam, Srikanth Srinivasan

On the Limits of Sparsification

Impagliazzo, Paturi and Zane (JCSS 2001) proved a sparsification lemma for $k$-CNFs:
every k-CNF is a sub-exponential size disjunction of $k$-CNFs with a linear
number of clauses. This lemma has subsequently played a key role in the study
of the exact complexity of the satisfiability problem. A natural question is
more >>>


TR11-144 | 2nd November 2011
Greg Kuperberg, Shachar Lovett, Ron Peled

Probabilistic existence of rigid combinatorial structures

We show the existence of rigid combinatorial objects which previously were not known to exist. Specifically, for a wide range of the underlying parameters, we show the existence of non-trivial orthogonal arrays, $t$-designs, and $t$-wise permutations. In all cases, the sizes of the objects are optimal up to polynomial overhead. ... more >>>


TR12-017 | 1st March 2012
Venkatesan Guruswami, Srivatsan Narayanan

Combinatorial limitations of a strong form of list decoding

Revisions: 1

We prove the following results concerning the combinatorics of list decoding, motivated by the exponential gap between the known upper bound (of $O(1/\gamma)$) and lower bound (of $\Omega_p(\log (1/\gamma))$) for the list-size needed to decode up to radius $p$ with rate $\gamma$ away from capacity, i.e., $1-h(p)-\gamma$ (here $p\in (0,1/2)$ ... more >>>


TR13-118 | 2nd September 2013
Mahdi Cheraghchi, Venkatesan Guruswami

Capacity of Non-Malleable Codes

Non-malleable codes, introduced by Dziembowski, Pietrzak and Wichs (ICS 2010), encode messages $s$ in a manner so that tampering the codeword causes the decoder to either output $s$ or a message that is independent of $s$. While this is an impossible goal to achieve against unrestricted tampering functions, rather surprisingly ... more >>>


TR13-126 | 11th September 2013
Arman Fazeli, Shachar Lovett, Alex Vardy

Nontrivial t-designs over finite fields exist for all t

A $t$-$(n,k,\lambda)$ design over $\mathbb{F}_q$ is a collection of $k$-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$, ($k$-subspaces, for short), called blocks, such that each $t$-dimensional subspace of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ is contained in exactly $\lambda$ blocks. Such $t$-designs over $\mathbb{F}_q$ are the $q$-analogs of conventional combinatorial designs. Nontrivial $t$-$(n,k,\lambda)$ designs over $\mathbb{F}_q$ are currently known ... more >>>


TR20-138 | 9th September 2020
William Hoza, Edward Pyne, Salil Vadhan

Pseudorandom Generators for Unbounded-Width Permutation Branching Programs

Revisions: 1

We prove that the Impagliazzo-Nisan-Wigderson (STOC 1994) pseudorandom generator (PRG) fools ordered (read-once) permutation branching programs of unbounded width with a seed length of $\widetilde{O}(\log d + \log n \cdot \log(1/\varepsilon))$, assuming the program has only one accepting vertex in the final layer. Here, $n$ is the length of the ... more >>>


TR22-033 | 1st March 2022
Ivan Mihajlin, Anastasia Sofronova

A better-than-$3\log{n}$ depth lower bound for De Morgan formulas with restrictions on top gates

Revisions: 2 , Comments: 2

We prove that a modification of Andreev's function is not computable by $(3 + \alpha - \varepsilon) \log{n}$ depth De Morgan formula with $(2\alpha - \varepsilon)\log{n}$ layers of AND gates at the top for any $1/5 > \alpha > 0$ and any constant $\varepsilon > 0$. In order to do ... more >>>




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