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REPORTS > KEYWORD > QUANTUM COMPUTATION:
Reports tagged with Quantum Computation:
TR96-003 | 4th December 1995
Alexei Kitaev

#### Quantum measurements and the Abelian Stabilizer Problem

We present a polynomial quantum algorithm for the Abelian stabilizer problem
which includes both factoring and the discrete logarithm. Thus we extend famous
Shor's results. Our method is based on a procedure for measuring an eigenvalue
of a unitary operator. Another application of this
procedure is a polynomial ... more >>>

TR98-073 | 14th December 1998
Tomoyuki Yamakami, Andrew Chi-Chih Yao

#### NQP = co-C_{=}P

Revisions: 2

Adleman, DeMarrais, and Huang introduced the
nondeterministic quantum polynomial-time complexity class NQP as an
analogue of NP. It is known that, with restricted amplitudes, NQP is
characterized in terms of the classical counting complexity class
C_{=}P. In this paper we prove that, with unrestricted amplitudes,
NQP indeed coincides with the ... more >>>

TR99-003 | 18th December 1998
Stephen A. Fenner, Frederic Green, Steven Homer, Randall Pruim

#### Determining Acceptance Possibility for a Quantum Computation is Hard for the Polynomial Hierarchy

It is shown that determining whether a quantum computation
has a non-zero probability of accepting is at least as hard as the
polynomial time hierarchy. This hardness result also applies to
determining in general whether a given quantum basis state appears
with nonzero amplitude in a superposition, or whether a ... more >>>

TR99-032 | 7th July 1999
Cristopher Moore

#### Quantum Circuits: Fanout, Parity, and Counting

We propose definitions of $\QAC^0$, the quantum analog of the
classical class $\AC^0$ of constant-depth circuits with AND and OR
gates of arbitrary fan-in, and $\QACC^0[q]$, the analog of the class
$\ACC^0[q]$ where $\Mod_q$ gates are also allowed. We show that it is
possible to make a cat' state on ... more >>>

TR02-002 | 3rd January 2002
Howard Barnum, Michael Saks

#### A lower bound on the quantum query complexity of read-once functions

We establish a lower bound of $\Omega{(\sqrt{n})}$ on the bounded-error quantum query complexity of read-once Boolean functions, providing evidence for the conjecture that $\Omega(\sqrt{D(f)})$ is a lower bound for all Boolean functions.Our technique extends a result of Ambainis, based on the idea that successful computation of a function requires decoherence'' ... more >>>

TR03-059 | 18th May 2003
Harumichi Nishimura, Tomoyuki Yamakami

#### Polynomial time quantum computation with advice

Revisions: 2

Advice is supplementary information that enhances the computational
power of an underlying computation. This paper focuses on advice that
is given in the form of a pure quantum state. The notion of advised
quantum computation has a direct connection to non-uniform quantum
circuits and tally languages. The paper examines the ... more >>>

TR04-023 | 21st January 2004
Yaoyun Shi

We initiate the study of quantifying the quantumness of
a quantum circuit by the number of gates that do not preserve
the computational basis, as a means to understand the nature
of quantum algorithmic speedups.
Intuitively, a reduction in the quantumness requires
an increase in the amount of classical computation, ... more >>>

TR04-036 | 27th March 2004
Ziv Bar-Yossef, T.S. Jayram, Iordanis Kerenidis

#### Exponential Separation of Quantum and Classical One-Way Communication Complexity

We give the first exponential separation between quantum and bounded-error randomized one-way communication complexity. Specifically, we define the Hidden Matching Problem HM_n: Alice gets as input a string x in {0,1}^n and Bob gets a perfect matching M on the n coordinates. Bob's goal is to output a tuple (i,j,b) ... more >>>

TR05-082 | 3rd June 2005
Jorge Castro

#### On the Query Complexity of Quantum Learners

This paper introduces a framework for quantum exact learning via queries, the so-called quantum protocol. It is shown that usual protocols in the classical learning setting have quantum counterparts. A combinatorial notion, the general halving dimension, is also introduced. Given a quantum protocol and a target concept class, the general ... more >>>

TR08-059 | 20th May 2008
Farid Ablayev, Alexander Vasiliev

#### On the Computation of Boolean Functions by Quantum Branching Programs via Fingerprinting

Revisions: 1

We develop quantum fingerprinting technique for constructing quantum
branching programs (QBPs), which are considered as circuits with an
ability to use classical bits as control variables.

We demonstrate our approach constructing optimal quantum ordered
binary decision diagram (QOBDD) for $MOD_m$ and $DMULT_n$ Boolean
functions. The construction of our technique also ... more >>>

TR08-085 | 19th June 2008
Farid Ablayev, Airat Khasianov, Alexander Vasiliev

#### On Complexity of Quantum Branching Programs Computing Equality-like Boolean Functions

Revisions: 1

We consider Generalized Equality, the Hidden Subgroup,
and related problems in the context of quantum Ordered Binary
Decision Diagrams. For the decision versions of considered problems
we show polynomial upper bounds in terms of quantum OBDD width. We
apply a new modification of the fingerprinting technique and present
the algorithms ... more >>>

TR08-100 | 14th November 2008
Chris Peikert

#### Public-Key Cryptosystems from the Worst-Case Shortest Vector Problem

We construct public-key cryptosystems that are secure assuming the
\emph{worst-case} hardness of approximating the length of a shortest
nonzero vector in an $n$-dimensional lattice to within a small
$\poly(n)$ factor. Prior cryptosystems with worst-case connections
were based either on the shortest vector problem for a \emph{special
class} of lattices ... more >>>

TR10-057 | 1st April 2010
Scott Aaronson, Andrew Drucker

#### A Full Characterization of Quantum Advice

Revisions: 3

We prove the following surprising result: given any quantum state rho on n qubits, there exists a local Hamiltonian H on poly(n) qubits (e.g., a sum of two-qubit interactions), such that any ground state of H can be used to simulate rho on all quantum circuits of fixed polynomial size. ... more >>>

TR11-008 | 27th January 2011
Scott Aaronson, Andrew Drucker

#### Advice Coins for Classical and Quantum Computation

We study the power of classical and quantum algorithms equipped with nonuniform advice, in the form of a coin whose bias encodes useful information. This question takes on particular importance in the quantum case, due to a surprising result that we prove: a quantum finite automaton with just two states ... more >>>

TR13-010 | 4th January 2013
Yang Liu, Shengyu Zhang

#### Quantum and randomized communication complexity of XOR functions in the SMP model

Communication complexity of XOR functions $f (x \oplus y)$ has attracted increasing attention in recent years, because of its connections to Fourier analysis, and its exhibition of exponential separations between classical and quantum communication complexities of total functions.However, the complexity of certain basic functions still seems elusive especially in the ... more >>>

TR13-133 | 23rd September 2013
Cassio P. de Campos, Georgios Stamoulis, Dennis Weyland

#### A Structured View on Weighted Counting with Relations to Quantum Computation and Applications

Revisions: 2

Weighted counting problems are a natural generalization of counting problems where a weight is associated with every computational path and the goal is to compute the sum of the weights of all paths (instead of computing the number of accepting paths). We present a structured view on weighted counting by ... more >>>

TR14-159 | 27th November 2014
A. C. Cem Say, Abuzer Yakaryilmaz

#### Magic coins are useful for small-space quantum machines

Although polynomial-time probabilistic Turing machines can utilize uncomputable transition probabilities to recognize uncountably many languages with bounded error when allowed to use logarithmic space, it is known that such `magic coins'' give no additional computational power to constant-space versions of those machines. We show that adding a few quantum bits ... more >>>

TR16-147 | 19th September 2016
Ryan O'Donnell, A. C. Cem Say

#### The weakness of CTC qubits and the power of approximate counting

Revisions: 1

We present two results in structural complexity theory concerned with the following interrelated
topics: computation with postselection/restarting, closed timelike curves (CTCs), and
approximate counting. The first result is a new characterization of the lesser known complexity
class BPP_path in terms of more familiar concepts. Precisely, BPP_path is the class of ... more >>>

TR16-159 | 18th October 2016
Daniel Grier, Luke Schaeffer

#### New Hardness Results for the Permanent Using Linear Optics

In 2011, Aaronson gave a striking proof, based on quantum linear optics, showing that the problem of computing the permanent of a matrix is #P-hard. Aaronson's proof led naturally to hardness of approximation results for the permanent, and it was arguably simpler than Valiant's seminal proof of the same fact ... more >>>

TR19-041 | 7th March 2019
Srinivasan Arunachalam, Alex Bredariol Grilo, Aarthi Sundaram

#### Quantum hardness of learning shallow classical circuits

In this paper we study the quantum learnability of constant-depth classical circuits under the uniform distribution and in the distribution-independent framework of PAC learning. In order to attain our results, we establish connections between quantum learning and quantum-secure cryptosystems. We then achieve the following results.

1) Hardness of learning ... more >>>

TR21-068 | 8th May 2021
Marcel Dall'Agnol, Tom Gur, Subhayan Roy Moulik, Justin Thaler

#### Quantum Proofs of Proximity

We initiate the systematic study of QMA algorithms in the setting of property testing, to which we refer as QMA proofs of proximity (QMAPs). These are quantum query algorithms that receive explicit access to a sublinear-size untrusted proof and are required to accept inputs having a property $\Pi$ and reject ... more >>>

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