Motivated by the inapproximability of reconfiguration problems, we present a new PCP-type characterization of PSPACE, which we call a probabilistically checkable reconfiguration proof (PCRP): Any PSPACE computation can be encoded into an exponentially long sequence of polynomially long proofs such that every adjacent pair of the proofs differs in at ... more >>>

Proving super-polynomial lower bounds on the size of proofs of unsatisfiability of Boolean formulas using resolution over parities, is an outstanding problem that has received a lot of attention after its introduction by Raz and Tzamaret (2008). Very recently, Efremenko, Garlik and Itsykson (2023) proved the first exponential lower bounds ... more >>>

In this paper we prove the following two results.
* We show that for any $C \in {mVF, mVP, mVNP}$, $C = \overline{C}$. Here, $mVF, mVP$, and $mVNP$ are monotone variants of $VF, VP$, and $VNP$, respectively. For an algebraic complexity class $C$, $\overline{C}$ denotes the closure of $C$. ... more >>>