We introduce {\em online interactive proofs} (OIP), which are a hierarchy of communication complexity models that involve both randomness and nondeterminism (thus, they belong to the Arthur--Merlin family), but are {\em online} in the sense that the basic communication flows from Alice to Bob alone. The complexity classes defined by ... more >>>

A direct product is a function of the form $g(x_1,\ldots,x_k)=(g_1(x_1),\ldots,g_k(x_k))$. We show that the direct product property is locally testable with $2$ queries, that is, a canonical two-query test distinguishes between direct products and functions that are from direct products with constant probability.

This local testing question comes up ... more >>>

The paper [Harry Buhrman, Michal Koucky, Nikolay Vereshchagin. Randomized Individual Communication Complexity. IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity 2008: 321-331] considered communication complexity of the following problem. Alice has a binary string $x$ and Bob a binary string $y$, both of length $n$, and they want to compute or approximate
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